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Whaling was a major source of income in the North Eastern America from the late 1700’s to the 1860’s, and whale oil lamps were widely produced from the early 1800’s. Whale oil was usually obtained from the blubber of the Greenland right whale. The more expensive sperm oil, used mostly in public halls and on naval vessels, was extracted from the head of the sperm whale. Petroleum, oil occurring in sedimentary rocks, was discovered in large quantities in Pennsylvania in the late 1850’s. Separated from crude oil by distillation, paraffin, also known as kerosene, became the favoured fuel for lighting.

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